Network Info
GENERAL INFORMATION
LUKSO information & Updates
Community Guides
All community guides are moved to: docs.luksoverse.io
VALIDATORS
Network Parameters
Mainnet
Execution Block Explorer | https://explorer.execution.mainnet.lukso.network |
Execution Status Page | https://stats.execution.mainnet.lukso.network |
Consensus Block Explorer | https://explorer.consensus.mainnet.lukso.network |
Consensus Status Page | https://stats.consensus.mainnet.lukso.network/ |
Launchpad | https://deposit.mainnet.lukso.network/ |
Testnet
RPC URL | https://rpc.testnet.lukso.network |
Websocket RPC URL | wss://ws-rpc.testnet.lukso.network |
Execution Block Explorer | https://explorer.execution.testnet.lukso.network |
Execution Status Page | https://stats.execution.testnet.lukso.network |
Consensus Block Explorer | https://explorer.consensus.testnet.lukso.network |
Consensus Status Page | https://stats.consensus.testnet.lukso.network |
Faucet | https://faucet.testnet.lukso.network |
Launchpad | https://deposit.testnet.lukso.network/ |
HARDWARE
Minimum needed hardware specs
i5 Intel chip
2 cores
8GB RAM
100GB+ SSD
Recommended Operating System to use
Linux / MacOS
It is also possible to run a node on a M1 chip Mac but this is not officially supported yet, check it out here
MAINNET
Released
May 23 – 2023
DEVELOPERS
LUKSO Resources
LUKSO website
https://lukso.network
LUKSO GitHub
https://github.com/lukso-network
LUKSO technical documentation
https://docs.lukso.tech
L16 Public Testnet Links
https://docs.lukso.tech/networks/l16-testnet/parameters/
All LUKSO Hackathon Workshops
https://luksoverse.io/tech-cave-archive/
Build on LUKSO
Universal Profiles -Web Extension
http://docs.lukso.tech/guides/browser-extension/install-browser-extension/
LUKSO Standard Proposals (LSP) Specifications
https://github.com/lukso-network/LIPs/tree/main/LSPs
LUKSO Standard Proposals (LSP) Smart Contracts Implementation
https://github.com/lukso-network/lsp-smart-contracts
LUKSO Standard Proposals (LSP) Flow Charts
https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVOaEcCsU=/?share_link_id=867184457910
Explore Simple Example dApps On LUKSO
https://examples.lukso.tech/
ERC725.js
https://docs.lukso.tech/tools/erc725js/getting-started
lsp-factory.js
https://docs.lukso.tech/tools/lsp-factoryjs/getting-started
LUKSO – Forge/Foundry Template
https://github.com/CJ42/lukso-forge-template
500K Hackathon
Hackathon information
https://lukso.network/hackathon
Join the Hackathon
https://gitcoin.co/hackathon/buildup/onboard
VALIDATOR FAQ
What is the Deposit Contract?
You can think of the deposit contract as a transfer of funds between LUKSO accounts and Beacon Chain validators. It specifies who is staking, who is validating, how much is being staked, and who can withdraw the funds.
Why do I need to have funds at stake?
As a validator, you’ll need to have funds at stake so you can be penalized for behaving dishonestly. In other words, to keep you honest, your actions need to have financial consequences.
How much LYX do I need to stake to become a validator on L16 Testnet?
Before you can run a validator and start to test the network, you need to stake 32 LYXt. This forms your initial balance. You can apply for free LYXt at the l16 Faucet.
How much LYX do I need to stake to become a validator on Mainnet?
This has not be disclosed yet.
Is there any advantage to having more than 32 LYX at stake?
No, there is no advantage to having more than 32 LYX staked.
Limiting the maximum stake to 32 LYX encourages decentralization of power as it prevents any single validator from having an excessively large vote on the state of the chain. Remember that a validator’s vote is weighted by the amount it has at stake.
Can I stop running my validator for a few days and then start it back up again?
If you go offline for a few days under normal conditions, you will lose an amount of LYX roughly equivalent to the amount of LYX you would have gained in that period. In other words, if you stood to earn ≈0.01 LYX, you would instead be penalized ≈0.01 LYX.
When should I top up my validator’s balance?
The answer to this question very much depends on how much LYX you have at your disposal. You should certainly top up if your balance is close to 16 LYX. This is to ensure you don’t get kicked out of the validator set (which automatically happens if your balance falls below 16 LYX). At the other end of the spectrum, if your balance is closer to 31 LYX, it’s probably not worth adding the extra LYX required to get back to 32.
When can I withdraw my funds, and what’s the difference between exiting and withdrawing?
You can signal your intent to stop validating by signing a voluntary exit message with your validator. However, bear in mind that for the foreseeable future, once you’ve exited, there’s no going back. There’s no way for you to re-activate your validator, and you won’t be able to transfer or withdraw your funds until after the post-merge cleanup upgrade, currently planned to follow the merge (which means your funds will remain inaccessible until then).
How are validators incentivized to stay active and honest?
As a validator you are rewarded for proposing / attesting to blocks that are included in the chain.On the other hand, you can be penalized for being offline and behaving maliciously – for example attesting to invalid or contradicting blocks.
The key concept is the following:
– Rewards are given for actions that help the network reach consensus
– Minor penalties are given for inadvertent actions (or inactions) that hinder consensus
– And major penalties – or slashings – are given for malicious actions
– In other words, you maximize your rewards by providing the greatest benefit to the network
How are rewards/penalties issued?
Your balance is updated periodically by the LUKSO network rules as you carry (or fail to carry) out your responsibilities. Your validator has its own balance – with the initial balance outlined in the deposit contract. Your rewards and penalties are reflected in your validator’s balance over time.
How often are rewards/penalties issued?
Rewards and penalties are issued roughly every six and a half minutes – a period of time known as an epoch. Every epoch, the network measures the actions of each validator and issues your rewards or penalties appropriately.
How large are the rewards/penalties?
There is no easy answer to this question as there are many factors that go into this calculation.Arguably the most impactful factor on rewards earned for validating transactions is the total amount of stake in the network. In other words, the total amount of validators. Depending on this figure the max annual return rate for a validator can be anywhere between 2 and 20%.
Given a fixed total number of validators, the rewards/penalties predominantly scale with the balance of the validator – attesting with a higher balance results in larger rewards/penalties whereas attesting with a lower balance results in lower rewards/penalties.
Note however that this scaling mechanism works in a non-obvious way. To understand the precise details of how it works requires understanding a concept called effective balance. If you’re not yet familiar with this concept, we recommend you read through understanding validator effective balance.
Why do rewards depend on the total number of validators in the network?
Block rewards are calculated using a sliding scale based on the total amount of LYX staked on the network. In other words: if the total amount of LYX staked is low, the reward (interest rate) is high, but as the total stake rises, the reward (interest) paid out to each validator starts to fall. Why a sliding scale? While we won’t get into the gory details here, the basic intuition is that there needs to be a minimum number of validators (and hence a minimum amount of LYX staked) for the network to function properly. So, to incentivize more validators to join, it’s important that the interest rate remains high until this minimum number is reached.Afterwards, validators are still encouraged to join (the more validators the more decentralized the network), but it’s not absolutely essential that they do so (so the interest rate can fall).
How badly will I be penalized for being offline?
It depends. In addition to the impact of effective balance there are two important scenarios to be aware of:
- Being offline while a supermajority (2/3) of validators is still online leads to relatively small penalties as there are still enough validators online for the chain to finalize.
This is the expected scenario. - Being offline at the same time as more than 1/3 of the total number of validators leads to harsher penalties, since blocks do not finalize anymore.
This scenario is very extreme and unlikely to happen
Note that in the second (unlikely) scenario, you stand to progressively lose up to 50% (16 LYX) of your stake over 21 days. After 21 days you are ejected out of the validator pool. This ensures that blocks start finalizing again at some point.
How great does my uptime need to be for my validator to be net profitable?
Overall, we’d expect your validator to be net profitable as long as your uptime is greater than 50%.This means that you don’t need to go to extreme lengths with backup clients or redundant internet connections as the repercussions of being offline are not so severe.
How much will I be penalized for acting maliciously?
Again, it depends. Behaving maliciously – for example attesting to invalid or contradicting blocks, will lead to your stake being slashed. The minimum amount that can be slashed is 1 LYX, but this number increases if other validators are slashed at the same time. The idea behind this is to minimize the losses from honest mistakes, but strongly disincentivize coordinated attacks.
What exactly is slashing?
Slashing has two purposes: (1) to make it prohibitively expensive to attack the network, and (2) to stop validators from being lazy by checking that they actually perform their duties. If you’re slashed because you’ve acted in a provably destructive manner, a portion of your stake will be destroyed. If you’re slashed, you’re prevented from participating in the protocol further and are forcibly exited.